The principle addressing the number of subordinates a manager can supervise effectively is:

• A. Unity of command
• B. Channel of communication
• C. Span of control
• D. Chain of command

Answer: (C)

Span of control is about how many direct reports a manager can supervise effectively. This concept matters because it links supervision quality to organizational efficiency. If a manager has too many subordinates, supervision becomes superficial, decisions slow, and communication can break down. If there are too few subordinates, you end up with extra managerial layers and higher costs. The optimal span depends on factors like task complexity, standardization of work, the manager’s capability, and the support systems in place.

Other concepts describe related ideas but not the number of subordinates directly. Unity of command means each subordinate reports to a single supervisor to avoid conflicting directions. Channel of communication refers to the path information takes within the organization. Chain of command describes the formal line of authority from top to bottom. The principle that directly addresses how many subordinates a manager can supervise is span of control.